
An adsorbent is a solid substance that can effectively adsorb certain components from gases or liquids. Adsorbents usually have the following characteristics: large specific surface area, suitable pore structure and surface structure
An adsorbent is a solid substance that can effectively adsorb certain components from gases or liquids. The adsorbent usually has the following characteristics: large specific surface area, suitable pore structure and surface structure; the adsorbent has strong adsorption ability; usually does not adsorb and is not a chemical reaction medium; ease of manufacture, easy to regenerate; has good mechanical strength and so on. Adsorbents can be classified according to pore size, particle shape, chemical composition, surface polarity, etc., for example, large and fine porous adsorbents, powder, granular, tape adsorbents, carbonaceous and oxidative adsorbents, polar and non-polar adsorbents.
Various activated carbons from carbonaceous materials, as well as metallic and non-metallic oxide adsorbents (such as silica gel, alumina, molecular sieve, natural clay, etc.) are usually used as adsorbents.
The main indicators of the adsorbent are: adsorption capacity for various gases and impurities, abrasion rate, bulk density, specific surface area, crushing strength, etc. They are used for filtering toxic gases, refining petroleum and vegetable oils from viruses and mold, regenerating gasoline from natural gas, decolorizing sugar and other non-ferrous substances.
Adsorbents such as silica gel, activated alumina, activated carbon, molecular sieves, etc. are widely used in industry; in addition, selective adsorption has been developed for a specific component of the adsorbent material. The success of gas adsorption and separation largely depends on the efficiency of the adsorbent, so the choice of adsorbent is an important issue in determining the adsorption operation.